武汉市青山地区637例变应性鼻炎患者变应原种类分析

Prevalence of sensitization to allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis and respiratory disease in Qingshan of Wuhan

目的:调查武汉市青山地区引起变应性鼻炎的主要吸入和食物性变应原种类。方法:采用酶联免疫法对青山地区637例变应性鼻炎患者(变应性鼻炎组)和63例下呼吸道疾病患者(下呼吸道疾病组)进行7种特异性IgE抗体的检测,并比较2组患者中致敏原阳性率分布上的差异。结果:变应性鼻炎组阳性率排在前7位的吸入性变应原分别为尘螨(47%)、杂草(19.7%)、树(18%)、动物毛屑(8.5%)、屋尘(6.5%)、真菌(4.9%)及蒿草(3%),2种主要致敏原的检出率在变应性鼻炎组和下呼吸道疾病组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:尘螨、杂草花粉及木本植物花粉是青山地区最主要的变应原。

Objective： The purpose of this study was to determine which allergens were prevalent in patients with allergic rhinitis and respiratory disease in Qingshan Wuhan. Method.. A total of 700 cases, which were diagnosed as allergic rhinitis and respiratory disease by history and clinical presentation, underwent ELISA test with 7 standardized allergens, and the most important sensitizing allergens were assessed. The samples were stratified on two age groups.. AR and respiratory disease group and the positive rate of two main allergens in two groups were contrast analyzed. Result： For patients with allergic rhinitis, the positive rate of the top seven aeroallergen were dermatophmoides （47%）, herbs （19.7%）, tree （18%）, animal dander （8.9%）, house dust （6.5%）, mold （4.9% ） and wormwood （3 % ）. There was no significant difference in higher sensitivity to dust mite and ragweed between allergic rhinitis and respiratory disease group （P〉0.05）. Conclusion.. Dust mite, Tree and Herbs are the most important three aeroallergens in Qingshan region of Wuhan.