武汉市气传花粉调查及与花粉症关系的研究

A survey of airborne pollen in Wuhan and its′ relationship to pollinosis

目的：调查武汉市气传花粉的种类及飘散规律，探讨其与花粉症的关系。方法：2003年11月～2004年10月在武汉市3个城区选点4处，同时进行气传花粉的调查，并对1200例花粉症患者进行花粉变应原皮肤试验及发病季节分析，对其中352例蒿属花粉过敏患者进行气道反应性测定，并分析其与花粉浓度间的相关性。结果：全年观察到花粉种类47种，收集花粉75525粒。气传花粉飘散高峰集中在春季的3～4月和秋季的8～10月。花粉症患者的发病季节与气传花粉高峰期相吻合，反映气道反应性的PD20值（使1s用力呼气容积降低20％所需乙酰甲胆碱的累计量）与气传花粉浓度呈负相关。结论：本调查为武汉市气传花粉的流行病学研究提供了参考资料，对本地区与花粉相关的变应性疾病的防治具有一定的临床指导意义。

Objective：To study the type and drift law of airborne pollen in Wuhan, and its relationship to pollinosis. Method：From November 2003 to October 2004, an airborne pollen investigation was performed in three districts of Wuhan using gravity sedimentation technique. Meanwhile, univalent shin prick tests of pollens and the study of invasion season were performed in 1 200 cases with pollenosis. Among them, 352 cases underwent the airway responsiveness measurements, and the correlation between airway responsiveness and pollen concentration were analyzed. Resuit：A total of 47 pollen colonies were observed and 75 525 pollens were collected. Every year the the peak time of airborne pollen occured in two seasons： spring （March and April） and autumn （from August to October）. The incidence of pollinosis is consistent to pollen peak time; there was a negative relationship between PD20 （the provocative dose to decrease FEV1 by 20% from baseline） and airborne pollen concentration. Conclusion.. The study provides useful information for airborne pollen epidemiology in Wuhan. It provides important insights to clinical prevention, diagnosis and treatment of pollen related allergic diseases.