压水堆核电站反应堆压力容器材料概述

Overview of Reactor Pressure Vessel Steel in PWR Nuclear Power Plants

反应堆压力容器是核电站重要部件之一,综述了反应堆压力容器材料的发展历程、性能要求、在役辐照脆化、制造现状等,指出A508-Ⅲ钢具有优良的焊接性、较高的淬透性和抗中子辐照脆化性,并具有良好的低温冲击韧性和较低的无延性转变温度等优点。分析了该钢的化学成分、制造工艺与性能之间的关系,对反应堆压力容器材料国产化的实现与未来发展方向的指引有一定的参考作用。

Reactor pressure vessel is one of the key components to PWR nuclear power plants. The development of reactor pressure vessel steel and its performance requirements, in-service irradiation embrittlement, and manufacturing status, etc are summarized. It is demonstrated that A508-Ⅲ steels have advantages such as good weld-ability, high hardenability and enhanced resistance to neutron irradiation damage, as well as excellent low-temperature impact toughness and lower transition temperature without ductility. In addition, the relation of chemical composition and fabrication techniques to mechanical properties is also analyzed. This paper will provides an reference for directing the success of the localization and future development of reactor pressure vessel steel to some extent.