茄子果色性状的遗传研究

Genetic Study on Fruit Color Traits of Eggplant

以3个果色不同的茄子栽培种自交系为试验材料，用色差仪和目测相结合的方法将果色分级，通过P1、P2、F1、B1、B2和F26个世代联合分析法，研究茄子果色性状的遗传规律。结果表明：3个杂交组合的F2果色分离世代群体呈双峰或单峰偏态分布，显示茄子果色遗传为多基因控制的数量性状；茄子果色性状遗传符合两对加性--显性--上位性主基因＋加性--显性--上位性多基因模型（E模型）；主基因遗传力为35．5％～98．4％，遗传力较高；多基因遗传力较低，为0～57．7％。

Hybrid coinbinations were made with three inbred lines of different fruit color. Fruit color was classed by color difference meter and ocular measurement. Their six generations F1, F2, backcrosses B1 and B2 and their parents P1 and P2 were used to study the inheritance of eggplant fruit color traits with joint analysis of inuhiple generations. The results showed that the F2 population of the three colnbinations appeared two peaks or one peak distribution, indicating that eggplant trait was quantitative in nature and controlled by polygene. The inheritance of fruit color fitted the additive - dominance - epitasis major gene plus additive - domi- nance- epitasis polygene （E model）. The major gene heritability is 35.5% -98.4% ; The polygene heritability is 0 -57.7%.