冬小麦单株籽粒产量与其构成性状的遗传分析

ANALYSES ON HEREDITIES OF GRAIN OUTPUT AND GRAIN CONSTITUTIONAL CHARACTERS OF SINGLE WINTER WHEAT PLANT

以６个具有代表性的小麦品种（系）为供试亲本，按照Ｇｒｉｆｉｎｇ方法２进行完全双列杂交，对杂种Ｆ１的单株籽粒产量及其构成性状（单株粒数、单穗粒数、单穗粒重、千粒重）分别进行杂种优势分析、亲子相关分析及通径分析。结果表明：（１）杂种Ｆ１的单株籽粒产量杂种优势最强，其它４个性状依次为单穗粒重＞单株粒数＞单穗粒数＞千粒重。（２）单穗粒数在低值亲本（ＬＰ）上亲子间呈显著正相关，其它４个性状在各亲本类型上亲子间的相关均未达到显著水平。（３）单株籽粒产量的提高主要依赖于单株粒数的增加，其次是单穗粒重和千粒重，单穗粒数对单株籽粒产量的贡献较小。

Six wheat varieties with representativeness as experinmental parents were hybridized completely in two ranks according to Griffing Method the 2nd,and the grain output and the grain constitutional characters of a single plant of Hybrid F 1 were analyzed in hybrid advantage,parent relation and etc..The results showid:(1)the hybrid advantage of grain output of a single plant of Hybrid F 1 was the strongest,and the other four characters were as the following:single grain weght>grain number of single plant>single grain number>thousand kernel weinght.(2)Parent and son weer obviously relative when single grain number was on the LP,the relation of parent and son of the other four characters on different parent types did not reach the obvious level.(3)Improving grain output of single plant mainly depended on increasing grain number of single plant,then single grain weight and thousand kernel;Single grain number contributed smaller to grain output of single plant.