浅论两汉乡村社祭的变迁

Country Sacrifice in Han Dynasty

两汉时代,社的性质日益抽象化。社祭时的祭祀与被祭祀者,也由以往对自然的敬畏转而变成一种相对平等的交易,社神的地位开始下落。而乡里之社,尤其是在农村聚落中的私社,则转化为一般的土地祭祀单位,还具有了愈来愈浓重的娱乐节庆色彩,使其成为当时乡村社会中的两大节日。

The sacrifice ceremony changes over the time of Han Dynasty. The gnome wasn't respected as ever. The relationship between God and mortals has also changed, which features as regular sacrifice ceremony in the countryside and the ceremony functions as biggest festival instead of religious activity.