秸秆还田对玉米高产、稳产、优质效应的研究

Effect of Returning Stalk into the Field on Stable Yield, High Yield and Good Quality of Corn

利用长期肥料定位试验，在草甸黑土上进行近１０年监测。结果表明，秸秆还田配施适量化肥能提高玉米产量；减轻玉米因受气候因素影响引起的产量波动；降低玉米收获时果穗含水量，促进玉米提早成熟；提高玉米籽粒中蛋白质、氨基酸含量，使玉米产品质量得到改善。在本试验条件下，秸秆施用量以２５００ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，再配施Ｎ１５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２、Ｐ２Ｏ５７５ｋｇ／ｈｍ２、Ｋ２Ｏ３７５ｋｇ／ｈｍ２为宜。

The results of the longterm located experiment showed that returning stalk into the field in combination with chemical fertilizer could increase corn yield, lighten the fluction of corn yield with effect of climate factors, decrease earcorn water content at harvest, promote corn to early mature, increase protein and amino acid content in corn seed and improve corn quality. under the experiment condition, the application of 2500 kg/hm2 stalk, N 150 kg/hm2, P2O5 75 kg/hm2, K2O 37.5 kg/hm2 was suitable.