异种脱蛋白骨修复长骨大段骨缺损实验研究

Repair of large segmental long bone defect in goat tibia with heterogeneous deproteinated bone

目的研究改良法制备的异种脱蛋白骨(deproteinated bone,DPB)作为组织工程支架材料修复大动物长骨大段缺损24周后新生骨的生物力学变化。方法山羊18只,采用完全随机设计法分为正常骨对照组、自体骨组和实验组,每组6只,在自体骨组和实验组每只山羊右侧胫骨中下段造成胫骨总长度20%骨膜和骨缺损,正常骨对照组不截骨,其余2组分别在缺损处植入自体骨、DPB+自体MSCs+rhBMP2,采用半环槽外固定,术后24周取手术侧胫骨进行生物力学检测。结果术后24周,正常骨对照组、自体骨组和实验组新骨生物力学相比无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论改良法制备的异种DPB复合物作为组织工程支架材料修复大动物长骨大段缺损形成的新骨,其生物力学与正常骨对照组、自体骨组相当,可作为骨移植材料试应用于临床。

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of heterogenous deproteinated bone modified in repairing the large segmental long bone defect in goat tibia and to investigate its biomechanical changes. Methods Eighteen goats were randomly divided into 3 groups （6 goats per group） ： normal control group, autogenous bone group （AB） and heterogenous deproteinated bone group （ HDB ）. The middle or distal right tibia of the goats in groups AB and HDB was made into 20% periosteum and bone defects and repaired with autogenous bone or heterogenous deproteinated bone. The two broken ends of fractured bone and periosteum were be fixed by half-ring sulcated external fixator. The injured side was subjected to biomechanical examination 24 weeks after surgery, and uninjured side was used as normal control. Results The biomechanical examination results showed no significant differences among the three groups 24 weeks after surgery （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Heterogenous deproteinated bone composite used in tissue engineering shows similar biomechanics with autogenous bone, so it can be used in clinic trials.