利用CHA生产优质杂种小麦的可行性分析

ANALYSIS ON THE FEASIBILITY OF PRODUCING HYBRID WHEAT WITH GOOD QUALITY BY USING A CHEMICAL HYBRIDIZING AGENT

本文分析了７个ＣＨＡ杂种小麦产量及品质性状的杂种优势表现。结果表明，在单株籽粒产量及其相关性状上，所有杂种均表现出显著的平均杂种优势或超亲优势。ＣＨＡ杂种较高的产量优势主要来自于穗数及千粒重。高产的杂种同时具有较高的生物学产量，但绝大多数杂种在株高上并未超过其高亲值。品质性状的杂种优势组合间差异很大。在蛋白质产量、面粉蛋白质含量、面筋含量及沉淀值等性状上，多数杂种表现平均杂种优势，个别杂种还表现超亲优势。结论认为，通过选用优质亲本，利用ＣＨＡ生产优质，尤其是烘烤品质专用型高产杂种小麦是有效而可行的。

Seven varieties which were treated with a chemical hybridizing agent (CHA) Sc2053 were used as female parents to make combinations with a good quality variety “R344”. The heterosis performance of the CHA hybrid wheat in agronomic and qualitative characteristics were analyzed.All the hybrids showed significant mid and best parent heterosis for grain yield per plant and yield components. Among yield components,spikes per plant and 1000 kernel weight proved to be important traits and may explain the superiority of the hybrids over their parents. The high yield hybrids also showed higher biomass than their parent, while most of hybrids did not show the best parent heterosis for palnt height.The heterosis for qualitative traits varied with different combinations.Most of the hybrids showed mid parent heterosis for protein yield per plant,flour protein content,gluten content and sedimentation value,only a few showed best parent heterosis. It is peasible to develop and produce CHA hybrid wheat with both higher yield and good quality .