牛脊柱畸形综合征检测方法的建立与应用

The development and application of method for detecting bovine complex vertebral malformation

牛脊柱畸形综合征(Complex vertebral malformation,CVM)是近年来新发现的致死性牛常染色体隐性遗传缺陷病。由于编码UDP-N-乙酰葡糖胺载体的SLC35A3基因发生G→T的突变而引起本病的发生,可引起胎牛死胎、流产、早产。为了解我国正常的荷斯坦牛(黑白花奶牛)的CVM携带和发生情况,建立、应用创造酶切位点PCR(Created restriction site PCR,CRS-PCR)、等位基因特异性PCR(Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction,AS-PCR)检测方法检测了表型正常的436头荷斯坦母牛和93头荷斯坦公牛,检测到3头CVM携带者,其中杂合母牛1头,杂合公牛2头,携带率分别为0.60%、2.20%。此方法简便、可靠,为奶牛CVM有害基因的分型和筛选提供了新的方法和思路,为我国奶牛的分子选育提供了可靠的理论依据。

Complex vertebral malformation （CVM）, a lethal autosomal recessive inherited defect in Holstein calves, was newly reported worldwide. The molecular cause of CVM was a substitution of guanine by thymine （G-→T） in a solute carder family 35 member 3 gene （SLC35A3）, encoding UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transporter. It was characterized by stillborn, abortion, and premature birth. The objective of this study was to study the actual carrier frequency of the CVM mutation in a population of Chinese Holstein （=Chinese Black-and-White） normal cattle. The normal 436 Holstein cows and 93 Holstein bulls were genotyping by using the Created Restriction Site PCR （CRS-PCR） and Allele-specific PCR （AS-PCR） methods. There were two bulls and one cow in three observed CVM-carriers. In the Holstein dairy cattle and Holstein bull population, the percentages of CVM carriers were estimated as 0.60% and 2.20% respectively. This study provided a more reliable and useful method for extensive screening of CVM and also offers a theoretical basis for molecular diagnosis in Holstein calves.