新型阻尼器的力学建模与试验

Mechanical Model and Experimental Research of a New Damper

针对舰艇管路系统抗冲击的特殊要求,设计一种容量大、能量吸收率高的新型阻尼器,根据新型阻尼器结构的几何特征用数学的方法推导其力学模型,并由跌落试验进行验证。该力学模型中的参数由数值模拟阻尼力假定为常数的新型阻尼器和跌落台构成的单自由度系统确定,通过对新型阻尼器的跌落试验选用三个不同冲击速度时的阻尼力-速度曲线对模型参数已知的力学模型进行验证。将试验测得地阻尼力-速度曲线与该力学模型理论预测地阻尼力-速度曲线比较发现,二者吻合得很好,从而验证了该力学模型的可靠性。

According to the special anti-shock requirements of the shipboard piping systems, a new damper with big capacity and high-energy dissipated rate is designed. Based on the geometrical structure of the new damper, the mechanical model of this damper is derived using the mathematic method. The parameters in the mechanical model are solved by numerically simulating the single-degree-of-freedom system, which is composed of the new damper and the drop machine. In order to verify this model, the damping force versus shock velocity curves causing by three different drop heights are considered. The excellent agreement between the experimental and theoretical damping force versus shock velocity curves validates the credibility of the mechanical model.