某高校学生健康促进行为水平的调查研究

Survey of health-promoting behavior of university students

目的:了解大学生健康促进行为水平与性别、年级和专业间的差异,以指导高校管理人员开展健康教育.方法:采用青少年健康促进量表(AHP)对420名大学生进行调查研究.结果:①大学生健康促进总量表标准化得分为62.84,其中子量表以生命欣赏行为得分最高,其次为人际支持、压力处理、营养行为和健康责任,运动行为得分最低;②男大学生在整体得分(P=0.01)、营养行为(P=0.00)、人际支持(P=0.00)和压力处理(P=0.03)得分低于女大学生,在运动行为得分优于女大学生(P=0.00);③医学专业学生在营养行为得分高于非医学专业的学生(P=0.04);大三以下低年级学生在营养行为得分低于大三以上高年级的学生(P=0.00),在生命欣赏行为和运动行为得分高于大三以上高年级的学生(P(0.05).结论:①学校应加强大学生在营养行为、健康责任和运动锻炼方面的健康行为教育,并提供条件满足大学生选择健康行为的需求;②根据学生的倾向和特征制定不同的健康行为教育项目.

AIM： To evaluate the health-promoting behavior of the university students and to make an instruction for university officials to develop the health education. METHODS： 420 students of a medical university were given test by the simplified Chinese version of the Adolescent Health Promotion Scale （AHP）. RESULTS：（1） The total standard score of the AHP of university students was 62.84. The scores of the subscales among the students in descending order were Life appreciation, Interpersonal relations, Stress-management, Nutrition, Health responsibility and Exercise. （2） The males scored poorer than the females in the total standard score of the AHP（P =0.01 ）, Nutrition subscale（P =0.00）, Interpersonal relations subscale （P= 0.00） and Stress-management subscale （ P = 0. 03 ）, and they scored better than the females in the Exercise subscale（P =0.00）. （3） The students of medicine scored better than the students of nonmedicine in the Nutrition subscale（ P = 0.04） ; the students under the junior scored poorer than the students above the junior in the Nutrition subscale （P = 0. 00 ）, and scored better than the students above the junior in the Life appreciation and Exercise subscale（P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： （ 1 ） The university officials should enforce the health education on Nutrition, Health responsibility and Exercise and should provide the convenience and access to support healthy choices among university students. （2） The university officials should design the different health education programs according to their characteristics.