地震伤的特点和救治策略

Characteristics and treatment strategies of the wound in earthquake

本文阐述了地震伤的特点以及现场救治的三项原则:先救后找、先多后少、先易后难;科学搬运;救命第一,保存器官肢体第二,维护功能第三。治疗上实施"坚持一个中心、确保二个重点、落实三个环节"的策略,即坚持以解除和处理好危及生命的原发伤为中心,确保微循环的改善和休克的纠正,确保合理的氧供;三个环节就是各脏器功能的全面监测和支持,警惕和积极处理常见的并发症以及感染的预防。同时介绍了特殊感染气性坏疽和破伤风的诊疗经验。

In this paper, charateristics of the wound in earthquake and principles of site treatment were discussed. To be specific,the treatment strategies include： rescuing the found victims first,and then continue to search for other casualties;finding the wounded from the place with crowed population before that with less population;first saving the wounded who are easy to rescue,and then the wounded who are diffcult to rescue;what is more, scientific transporting principles should be mastered. In the process of rescuing, it is supposed that saving life comes first, secondly protect organs, and then maintain function. The treatment strategies are applied as focusing on dealing with life-threatening injury, ensuring the improvement of microcirculation, correction of shock and reasonable oxygen supply;supervising and sustaining organ function, actively treating the common complications and preventing infection,meanwhile,the experience of treatment of gas gangrene and tetanus was also introduced.