旅游企业员工收入差异的影响因素分析——以张家界市的旅游企业为例

An Analysis of the Affecting Factors of Employee's Income Differentiation in Tourism Enterprises——Based on Tourism Corporations in Zhangjiajie

本文基于人力资本理论框架,以张家界市的旅游企业为研究对象,分析了旅游企业员工收入差异的主要影响因素:受教育程度、工作经历、性别、婚姻、职位、企业盈利状况等。其基本结论是:张家界市的旅游企业男性员工年度收入比女性员工的年度收入高20%左右,性别歧视严重;不同员工之间收入差距较大;员工受教育程度普遍较低,员工受教育程度是影响其收入分配的最重要的因素,且对女性的影响大于男性;员工收入与工作经历呈现出倒"U"形的关系,但这种关系在男性员工中体现得更为明显;父母身份对男性的收入产生积极影响,而对女性的收入产生负面影响;旅游产业的快速发展使得张家界市旅游企业的员工平均收入水平在近几年有较大幅度的增加。

Based on the theory of human capital, the paper, with tourism enterprises in Zahngjiajie as an object of empirical study, analyzes the major affecting factors of employee＇ s income differentiation： educational background, work experience, gender, marital status, position and the profit of an enterprise. The basic conclusions are as follows： the annual income of employees in tourism enterprises of Zhangjiajie is 20 percent higher than that of female employees; serious gender discrimination; greater income gap among different employees; lower educational level among employees; their educational level is the most important factor that affects income distribution ; greater influence among female employees than male employees; ＂reverse U type＂ relation between their income and work experience, which is more significant among male employees; parenthood brings about positive effect on the income of males, but negative effect on the income of females. The fast development of tourism industry has enabled employees in Zhangjiajie tourism enterprises to increase their average income by a wide margin in the past few years.