中药材植物川芎的3种新病害鉴定记述

Description of Three New Fungal Diseases Recorded on the Medical Herb Ligusticum chuanxiong Cultivated in Sichuan,China

川芎(Ligusticum chuanxiong)是我国重要的传统大宗常用中药材,随着种植年限的延长和种植面积的不断扩大,川芎的病害也有加剧的趋势.该研究通过对四川省都江堰市川芎种植园的调查,采集感病植株样品回室内分离并根据科赫氏证病律步骤进行病害诊断鉴定,发现并确诊了3种新的真菌性病害,即川芎根腐萎蔫病、叶褐斑病和灰霉病,它们的病原菌分别是茄腐镰刀菌(Fusarium solani)、细极链格孢组(Alternaria tenuissima group)成员和灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea).该文分别记述了3种病害的症状和病原菌特征,为进一步探讨川芎病害的发生发展规律和综合防治措施提供了依据.

Chuanxiong （Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. ） is a precious medical plant in traditional Chinese medicine and it has been cultivated in the recent two or three years, mainly in Sichuan Province, China. Diseases on the plant have not been systematically studied, and thus a field disease survey was conducted in chuanxiong cropping area of Dujiangyan City, Sichuan from December, 2005 to May, 2006. A number of diseases were found and three new fungal diseases were identified based on field symptoms observation, pathogen isolation and verification following the Koch＇s Postulate procedures. The identified diseases were root-rot wilt caused by Fusarium solani, brown leaf spot by a member of Alternaria tenuissima group, and grey mold by Botrytis cinerea. The symptoms and pathogens causing these diseases are described in the present paper.