基于分形理论的区域土地利用类型探讨——以重庆市沙坪坝区为例

Discussion of Regional Land Use Types Based on Fractal Theory——A Case Study of Shapingba Distract in Chongqing City

应用分形理论对位于重庆市主城核心区域的沙坪坝区的土地利用类型进行了探讨,计算了沙坪坝区土地一级分类和二级分类的各土地利用类型的分维值(D)和稳定性指数(S).结果表明:未利用土地的分维值最大,其未受人为因素的影响,稳定性较低;农用地的分维值相对稳定,其受到人为因素的影响,改变利用方式较容易;建设用地在一级地类中分维值偏离随机运动值最大,要改变其土地利用类型有一定的困难,人为因素的影响较大,是最稳定的一级地类.土地利用类型分维值、稳定性指数的大小综合反映了研究区域的土地利用结构.

Land use types of Shapingba District, which is located in the Metropolitan Area of Chongqing, are discussed using the fractal theory. The fractal dimensions （D） and stability indexes （S） of first and second land use types of Shapingba are calculated. The results indicate that the fractal dimensions of unused land are the largest and its stability indexes are lower, for it is hardly affected by human activities. The fractal dimensions of agricultural land are relatively stable, they are affected by human activities and the land use pattern can be changed easily. The stability indexes of construction land are the largest in first land-grade, it is influenced greatly by human activities and its land use types are difficult to change. A new quantitative parameter is discovered which is useful for land use planning. Fractal dimensions and stability indexes of land use types reflect land use structure. Some feasible policies are put forward based on fractal dimensions, stability indexes and human factors of different land use types.