基于星敏感器/红外地平仪的自主导航算法研究

Research on autonomous navigation algorithm based on star sensor and infrared horizon sensor

星敏感器和红外地平仪直接敏感地平的天文导航方法简单、可靠,但其导航精度主要取决于红外地平仪,因此导航精度相对较低。间接敏感地平利用星敏感器观测折射星得到地平信息,但是由于折射星数量有限,故不能连续提供观测信息。因此提出了一种将直接敏感地平和间接敏感地平相结合的信息融合自主导航方法,对两种导航模式的原理和观测方程进行了详细分析和推导。采用自适应扩展卡尔曼联合滤波算法进行数值仿真。通过对数值仿真结果分析,证实该方法既提高了系统导航精度,又增强了系统可靠性。

Although astronomical navigation which has features of sensing horizon directly is simply and reliable based on the star sensor and infrared horizon sensor, the navigation precision is lower. Indirect sensing horizon gets ho- rizon information by observing atmosphere refraction stellar using star sensor. Because the number of refraction stellar is limited, the observed information is discontinuity. A new information fusion method of autonomous navigation algo- rithm by using both of them based on EFK federal Kalman filter is presented. The theory of two models is analyzed. The observational equation of two models are educed in detail. The results of computer simulation show that the pro- posed system can improve both the navigation precision and reliability.