基于FPGA的非制冷红外热成像系统研究

Uncooled infrared imaging system based on FPGA

为降低非制冷红外热成像系统的功率损耗并减小其体积,介绍了一种基于FPGA架构的非制冷红外热成像系统。采用SOPC设计技术,在FPGA内部定制了可编程嵌入式处理器NiosII,实现了系统的任务管理和数据通信;设计了一种简洁的流水线结构,实现了非均匀校正、盲元补偿和自适应图像增强等实时信号处理功能。对所设计非制冷红外热成像系统的测试结果为噪声等效温差(NETD)小于80mK,成像质量清晰稳定。与传统结构相比,该系统结构更简单,体积更小。

A novel solution of uncooled infrared imaging systems based on FPGA was presented to reduce their power dissipation and volume. Using the design techniques of SOPC,a programmable embedded system was customized and many peripherals such as USB,keyboard were integrated into it,which realizes multitask management and data communication with PC. Inside FPGA,a pipeline structure was designed to carry out the function of real-time signal processing. Some complex algorithms such as two-point nonuniformity correction,replacement of bad pixels and adaptive image enhancement were embedded in the pipeline,which simplified the system structure and shortened the output delay of signals. To evaluate its performance,the infrared imaging system was measured roundly. Its NETD is less than 80 mK,and MRTD is about 0.3 K at spatial frequency 0.33 cycle/mrad,which means that it can present clear and stable images. Compared with traditional infrared imaging systems,the system structure is simpler,while its power is lower and volume is smaller.