防排水技术在海底隧道中的应用

Application of Waterproofing and Drainage Technology in a Subsea Tunnel

海底隧道不同于山岭隧道的主要区别有两个:一方面,由于多数地段采用以堵为主的防水措施,海底隧道衬砌在承受围岩压力的同时还要承受较高的水压;另一方面,由于海底隧道纵坡为倒人字坡,因此在隧道施工期间及运营期间的防排水尤为重要。文章介绍了厦门翔安海底隧道的防排水方案设计情况,对方案实施效果进行了评估;针对海底隧道防排水方案实施中的问题,提出了重点对初期支护背后注浆、改进注浆材料等建议,指出了防排水技术是海底隧道工程建设成败的核心问题之一。

There are two major aspects in which a subsea tunnel is different from a mountain tunnel. On one hand, the subsea tunnel lining will sustain rock pressure together with high hydraulic pressure since water-stopping measures are taken for most part of the tunnel. On the other hand, since the subsea tunnel features a ＇V＇ shape longitudinal gradient, so the waterproofing and drainage measures are very important during construction and operation. This paper introduces the design option of waterproofing and drainage for Xiamen Xiangan subsea tunnel, and makes an evaluation for the application effect of the option, presents suggestions for grouting behind primary support and improving grouting materials, points out that waterproofing and drainage constitute the core problem concerning the success or failure of subsea tunnel construction.