轻动词结构形式及其语义体转变

LVC forms and their semantic aspects

本文讨论了英语轻动词结构的形式及其语义体之间的关系。轻动词结构的语义体既要受其自身结构义的制约,又要受其结构内外成分的语法义及词汇义的影响。"LV+a+NP"中的名词如果具有"有界"含义且被一个表时间点的状语修饰时,LVC表达的就是一个凸显的典型语义完成体。LVC结构中的名词如果在语境中改变其"有界"特征或语法形式,或被一个表示一段时间的介词短语修饰,轻动词结构的语义完成体也会发生改变。LVC结构语义体从典型的完成体到进行体的转变是轻动词结构中变异力量相互作用的结果。

This article discusses the relationship between the syntactic forms and the semantic aspects of the English LVC.It is argued that the semantic aspects are determined not only by the structural meaning but also by the grammatical and lexical meanings of those elements both within and outside the LVC.If the NP in 'LV+a+NP' has the feature of [+telic] and when this structure is simultaneously modified by an adverbial denoting a time-point,the LVC will bring out 'perfective aspect'.Such 'perfective aspect' will vary if the grammatical or telic feature of the NP has changed inside,or if the time adverbial has changed outside(the LVC).The semantic change from the typical 'perfective aspect' to the 'progressive aspect' occurs as a result of the structural and lexical variation in 'LV+a+NP'.