不同黑莓品种果实与种子性状的调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of fruit and seed characters of some blackberry cultivars

对11个黑莓品种果实和种子的性状进行了调查和统计分析。平均单果质量为(5.81±2.37)g,不同品种间存在较大差异,其中卡依娃果实最大,达到12.77g;黑莓的单果质量在不同成熟期呈现规律性变化,初熟期和盛熟期接近平均单果质量,始熟期高于平均单果质量10%,盛熟末期和终熟期低于平均单果质量;黑莓聚合果中的小核果数量和小核果平均质量分别为(70.53±14.65)个和(82.77±17.89)mg,其中卡依娃聚合果中的小核果数量最多、平均为108.12个,小核果的质量也最高、平均为117.32mg;黑莓聚合果大小与聚合果中的小核果数量和质量间存在显著或极显著的正相关;黑莓种子的平均千粒重为(3.71±0.72)g,不同品种间差异显著,其中三冠种子最大,无刺红种子最小;除卡依娃外其它品种黑莓的聚合果大小与种子大小间存在极显著的正相关。

Investigation and analysis of fruit and seed characters of 11 blackberry cultivars were carried out. The results showed that the average fruit mass was （5.81 ±2.37 ） g, with a remarkable difference between cultivars. The fruit of cultivar Kiowa was the biggest with average mass of 12.77 g. The fruit mass changed with different mature stages, as much as the average in initiate and flourishing periods, higher than the average about 10% in beginning flourishing period,lower than the average in last flourishing and end periods. The average number and mass of drupelet in aggregate fruit was （70.53±14.65） and （82.77±17.89） rag, Kiowa was the highest one, respectively 108.12 and 117.32 rag. There was a remarkable or extremely remarkable positive correlation existed between the aggregate fruit mass and the number and mass of drupelet. The average mass of 1 000 seeds was （3.71±0.72） g, with a remarkable difference among different cultivars. The seed of Triple Crown cultivar was the biggest,while Young was the smallest： Except Kiowa, there was significant positive correlation between aggregate fruit mass and seed mass.