寒地粳稻直链淀粉含量在DH群体中的遗传变异研究

Studies on hereditary variation of amylase content of doubled haploid Japonica rice in cold region

本研究应用直链淀粉含量(Amylose Content,AC)不同的10个亲本,采用F1花药培养技术构建了寒地水稻6个组合的DH(DoubledHaploid,DH)群体。应用Choo和Reibergs提出的模型及公式,分析了这6个DH群体AC的分布、测算了遗传力、超亲率,检测了AC的基因对数及基因互作方式。AC的遗传变异分为两大类型,5个组合AC的遗传是属于主效基因加微效多基因混合遗传;无主效基因互作。1个组合(松9798/龙花96-1530)AC的遗传属于多个主效基因加微效多基因混合遗传;存在主效基因间的互作,为重叠作用,为AC的另一种遗传模式,且是产生AC超亲现象的主要原因之一。试验AC在DH群体的遗传力为0.90;AC的超低亲率较低;控制AC的基因对数为4.6～18.1对,平均7.5对。据此,试验提出花培品质育种实践需要的DH群体规模一般应保持在100左右为宜,花培品质育种中应依据AC不同的育种目标,采取接种F1代或F2代的花药,H2代采取加强其选择强度,在常规品质育种早期世代一般都不宜太严格选择。

The DH population of 6 combinations had been constructed in cold rice region by the technology of antheral culture in hybridization combination F1 which was from 10 parents of different amylose content. Analyzed the hereditary variation distribution of amylose content in DH population, estimated hereditary capacity and rate over parent in DH population by the model and formul which were presented by Choo and Reibergs, and examined the number of gene pairs and the pattern of gene interaction which controlled these characters. The hereditary variation of amylose content was divided into two types in this paper. Type Ⅰ was the heredity of 5 crosses of amylase content which belonged to blending heredity which was controlled by major gene which had hereditary feature of quantitative character and many minor genes, there was no interaction of major genes. Type Ⅱ was the heredity of the amylase content of only one cross （Song9798/Longhua96-1530） which belonged to blending heredity controlled by many major genes that had hereditary feature of quantitative character and many minor genes; there was epistasis effect between major genes, which was over lapped effect. The hereditary capacity of amylose content was 0.90 in DH population, the rate over low parent was relatively low. The number of gene pairs was 4.6-18.1 pairs controlled by the amylose content, 7.5 on average. Therefore, the suitable DH population for culture quality breeding practice should be kept about 100 and inoculate the anther of F1 or F2 generation according to different situations for enhancing the selected intensity in H2 generation. It should not be selected too strictly in early generation in breeding for amylase content.