回顾性分析药品不良反应277例

Retrospective analysis of 130 adverse drug reaction cases

目的：分析航空工业中心医院的药品不良反应（ADR）发生状况及引发的相关因素，加强药品不良反应的监测工作，尽量减少临床工作中药品不良反应的发生。方法：对收集到的2002—2006年航空工业中心医院277例ADR报告的报表资料，按患者年龄、性别、引起不良反应的药物、反应类型、临床表现等输入计算机，用Excel处理进行统计分析。结果：277例ADR中，女性多于男性，男女之比为1：1．56；单一用药221例，合并用药56例；因果关系评价为肯定80例，很可能137例。可能50例，怀疑7例，无法评价3例；本人或其家庭有药物过敏史的63例；抗菌及抗感染药物引起的ADR占73．3％；皮肤及附件损害最多，占52．7％。结论：老年患者应作为临床ADR监测的重点人群；应注意掌握抗感染药物的用药指征，减少不必要的用药及合并用药；中成药的使用应注意慎重用药，特别是静脉用中药注射剂宜单独使用，并注意用药剂量。必须加强对药物不良反应监测报告工作，尽可能减少临床不良反应发生，保障患者用药安全，维护患者身体健康。

Objective：to analyze the interrelated factors initiating the occurrence of adverse drug reaction （ADR） .Methods：277 ADR reports dating from January,2002 to August ,2006 were analyzed by description. Results： Among 277 cases, female ones outnumbered the male ones by 1：1.56;221 single and 56 combined medication cases were involved;as for the causeeffect relationship assessment,80 are certain, 187 probable, 7 suspicious and 3 unable to appraise; 63 cases are for the ADR patient and his family members. Tile anti - infected - led ADR accounted for 73.3% and skin and its appendages impairment cases were the peak with the 52.7%. Conclusions： We should lessen or avoid the occurrences of ADR to protect the patients＇ health.