中国城镇中等职业教育就业状况分析

An Analysis on Employment for Secondary Vocational Education Graduates in Urban China

本文利用北京大学教育经济研究所调查数据《中国城镇居民教育与就业情况调查-2004》,从社会分层、待业时间以及就业质量等方面考察了中国城镇的中等职业教育。研究结果表明,中等教育类型对于社会分层的作用并没有人们预计的那么严重;中等职业教育毕业生相比普通高中毕业生经历了较短的从学校到工作的心理调整期,从而待业时间缩短;在就业质量上,中等职业教育的长期优势表现不明显。研究期望从实证的角度特别是从就业的角度回应中国中等职业教育发展所面临的多种挑战。

Using the data, ＂Chinese Urban Household Education and Employment Survey - 2004＂, this article studies the secondary vocational education in urban China from the perspectives of social stratification, job--searching spell and the quality of employment. The analysis reveals that it may not be the type of secondary education but the level of education plays more important role in social stratification. Comparing with general high school graduates, the secondary vocational school graduates have experienced a shorter psychological adjustment period from school to work, thereby they shorten the job--searching spell. Secondary vocational education＇s long--term preponderance on the quality of employment proves unobvious. The purpose of this study is trying to respond to the disputes and challenges that Chinese sec- ondary vocational education has faced in the course of development.