荒诞背景下的真实——论《变形记》的自传性

On autobiographical nature of Metamorphoses

《变形记》是卡夫卡的短篇代表作,是西方现代文学中不可多得的一部佳作。荒诞和悖谬、象征和隐喻、"异化"和绝望,使作品充满了神秘、恐怖和悲惨的氛围。研究者较多注重作家的哲学思想和创作手法的研究,却忽视了作品本身的解读和作者的生命体验,透过作品的神秘面纱,我们看得更清楚的是荒诞背景下的真实,是作品明显的自传性质。

Metamorphoses is Franz Kafka＇s representative short novel. It is also a rare excellent novel in the modem western literature. The absurdity, symbols, metaphors, alienation and despair fills the novel with mystery, horror and tragedy. The researchers paid more attention to the research into the writer＇s philosophy and writing skill, neglecting the decoding of the work itself and the writer＇s life experience. By uncovering the mystery of the work, we can more clearly the truth in the background of absurdity, that is, the obvious autobiographical nature of the work.