2006～2007年济宁市狂犬病流行特征及发病因素分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for rabies in Jining City from 2006 to 2007

目的了解济宁市狂犬病的流行病学特征和发病因素,为防控狂犬病提供科学对策。方法采用流行病学方法进行个案调查和描述统计分析。结果2006～2007年济宁市发生狂犬病49例,均死亡。患者以农民为主,占89.80%(44/49),患病原因以犬咬伤为主,占97.96%(48/49),77.55%(38/49)的病例为Ⅲ级暴露,暴露后55.1%(27/49)的病例伤口未做任何处理,79.59%(39/49)的病例未注射狂犬病疫苗,无1例及时注射抗狂犬病被动免疫制剂。结论济宁市狂犬病发病以农村居民为主,与暴露人群未能及时规范处理伤口,注射狂犬疫苗和抗狂犬病被动免疫制剂,或未完成全程免疫有直接关系。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and the risk factors of rabies reported from 2006 to 2007 in Jining City,and provide the scientific basis for rabies prevention and control.Methods Case survey was carried out using epidemiological methods and description statistical analysis.Results Forty-nine cases of rabies died from 2006 to 2007,among which farmers were accounted for 89.80%（44/49）,patients bitten by dog accounted for 97.96%（48/49）,77.55%（38/49） patients were Ⅲ Level exposition,55.1%（27/49） patients did not be treated in the wound after exposure,79.59%（39/49） case did not be injected rabies vaccine,and none has given the anti-rabies passive immunity preparation promptly.Conclusion The incidence of rabies was mainly in rural of Jining City,and directly related to treating wounds without prompt and standard,and injected rabies vaccine and anti-rabies passive immunity preparation or without completed the full immunity.