我国耕地保护机制现状与对策思考

A Discussion on Mechanism of Cultivated Land Protection in China

虽然中央政府年年大声疾呼要保护耕地,但每年净减几百万亩耕地的势头一直在延续。耕地侵占的现象之所以得不到有效的遏制,是因为我国现行耕地保护机制的残缺:作为耕地使用者的农民和作为法定所有者的村集体,都未能成为耕地保护的自觉执行主体;而作为耕地直接管理者的地方政府,在政府生存和政绩考核的驱动下,不能尽职尽责地承担起保护耕地的责任。因此,必须进行系统的改革,培育出有效的耕地保护机制。

Although the central government calls for cultivated land protection, cultivated land has kept reducing every year in China. The main reason for the occupation of cultivated land is the incomplete mechanism of protection. As the direct user of cultivated land, neither the farmers nor the village collectivity, the legal owner, have been the real executive main body of cultivated farmland protection. On the other hand, local authority, the direct supervisor of cultivated land, driven by governmental survival and achievement assessment, has not undertaken the responsibility of cultivated land protection ; instead, it has become the chief party of farmland occupation. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a systematical reform and cultivate an effective mechanism of cultivated land protection.