养心通脉方有效成分部位抗心肌缺血的实验研究

Experimental Study of Yangxin Tongmai Recipe Effective Component Parts Anti-Acute Myocardial Ischemia

目的:通过观察养心通脉方各成分部位干预后的急性心肌缺血大鼠在心电图和血液流变学的变化确定养心通脉方的主要有效成分部位。方法:用垂体后叶素尾静脉注射法复制急性心肌缺血大鼠模型。将Wistar大鼠随机分为10组:空白模型组、正常对照组、总生物碱组、复方苷类组、复方苷元组、复方蛋白组、丹参菲醌组、人参多糖组、复方多糖组、总挥发油组。各组均在灌胃10天后造模,测定大鼠15s、30s、2min、5min、10min的心电图后,颈动脉采血做全血黏度和血浆黏度。结果:(1)心电图变化程度:人参多糖、复方多糖、总生物碱、总挥发油、丹参菲醌5个成分具有明显抗心肌缺血的作用(J点位移与模型组比较,P<0.05或P<0.01),而复方蛋白、复方苷元、复方苷类则没有明显的抗心肌缺血作用(P>0.05);(2)血液流变学及血浆黏度变化:总生物碱、人参多糖、总挥发油均能明显改善大鼠的血液流变学指标,与模型组比较具有极显著的统计学差异(P<0.01)。复方苷元、复方苷类则明显加重大鼠血液流变学指标(全血切变率),与模型组比较复方苷元组具有显著的统计学差异(P<0.01),而复方苷类组与模型组则无显著性差异;在血浆黏度这一指标则复方苷类组、复方苷元组与模型组均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。丹参菲醌对全血切变率之高切、中切、低切,能够明显改善(高切时与模型组比较P<0.01,中切、低切时与模型组比较P<0.05)。而血浆黏度与模型组比较无显著差异(P>0.05);复方多糖则在中切时有加重指标的作用(与模型组比较P<0.05),且血浆黏度与模型组比较无显著差异(P>0.05);复方蛋白则与模型组无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:人参多糖、复方多糖、总生物碱、总挥发油、丹参菲醌5个成分部位,具有对抗由垂体后叶素引发急性心肌缺血的作用,而复方蛋白、复方苷元、复方苷类则没有抗心肌缺血作用。

Objective： to determinate Yangxin Tongmai Recipe main effective component by observe Yangxin Tongmai Recipe various component parts intervened acute myocardial ischemia rats in the electrocardiogram and the blood rheology change. Methods： Randomly divided Wistar rat into 10 groups Blank model group, normal comparison group,total alkaloid group, compound prescription glucosides group, compound prescription aglycone group, the compound prescription protein group, the salvia mihiorrhiza phenanthrenequinone group,the ginseng polysaccharide group, the compound prescription polysaccharide group and the total volatile oil group. All groups except normal comparison group were established with Pit inject via caudal vein. Every rat was examined 15s, 30s, 2min, 5min, 10min electrocardiogram ECG after they were in narcosis, then take Carotid artery blood to examine Whole blood viscosity and Plasma viscosity. Results ： （ 1 ） Electrocardiogram change degree： The ginseng polysaccharide, the compound prescription polysaccharide, the total alkaloid, the total volatile oil, the salvia miltiorrhiza phenanthrenequinone 5 component parts have the obvious anti - acute myocardial ischemia function （ J point displacement , Compared with the model group, P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）, but the compound prescription protein, the compound prescription aglycone and the compound prescription glycosides does not have the obvious anti - acute myocardial ischemia function（ P 〉 0.05 ） ; （2） Whole blood viscosity and Plasma viscosity change： The total alkaloid, the ginseng polysaeeharide, the total volatile oil can obviously improve the rat＇s blood rheology indicators, compares with the model group has the extremely remarkable statistics difference （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Compound prescription aglycone, compound prescription glycosides then the obviously increase blood hemorheology indicators （ Whole blood shear rate）, compares compound prescription aglycone group with the model group to have the remarkable statistics difference （ P 〈 0.01 ）, but between the compound prescription glycosides group and the model group no significant difference; compound prescription glycosides group, compound prescription aglycone and the model group no significant difference in the Plasma viscosity （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The salvia miltiorrhiza phenanthrenequinone can obviously improve （compared with the model group, the high shear rate P 〈 0.01, medium shear rate, low shear rate P 〈 0.05 ） , but compared with the model group no remarkable difference （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; The compound prescription polysaccharide increase hemorheology indicators （ compare with model group P 〈 0.05 ） , also the blood plasma viscosity compare with model group no remarkable difference （ P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： The ginseng polysaeeharide, the compound prescription polysaeeharide, the total alkaloid, the total volatile oil, the salvia miltiorrhiza phenanthrenequinone 5 component parts have the anti - acute myocardial ischemia initiated by Pit, however the compound prescription protein, the compound prescription aglycone, the compound prescription glycosides does not have the anti - acute myocardial ischemia function.