新疆春小麦主栽品种产量潜力研究初报

Preliminary Report on Yield Potentialities of the Main Cultivar of Spring Wheat in Xinjiang

选择不同时期新疆春小麦种植面积最大的主栽品种和近期推广品种共5个,对它们产量潜力和农艺性状进行了研究。结果表明:新育成品种的产量潜力显著提高,成熟期提前,株高明显降低,生物学产量和单位面积穗数基本保持稳定,每穗粒数有所增加,千粒重和收获指数大幅度提高;对品种来源分析表明,CIMMYT小麦种质在以往新疆春小麦品种改良中起了决定性作用。

The main cultivars and 5 recently released cultivars of spring wheat in Xinjiang were selected to investigate yield potentialities and agronomic traits. The result demonstrated that the yield potentialities of newly cultivated cultivar was significantly increased;Maturity phase came ahead of time;Plant height was remarkably reduced;Bioloical yield and spike number per unit area were of stability; The grain number per spike was increased; Thousand-kernel weight and harvest index were greatly increased. The analysis of cultivar source revealed that CIMMT wheat germplasm played a great role in improving wheat cultivars in Xinjiang.