民国时期广西宗教问题的人类学分析

An Anthropological Analysis on Religion Matters of Guangxi in the Period of Republic of China

民国时期广西始终存在三大宗教问题,其中又以政府破除宗教迷信与民间信仰者之间的矛盾为最为尖锐,持续的时间也更长,产生的社会历史影响也更为巨大。同时,由于政府对本土宗教和外来宗教的不同态度,本土宗教受到严重抑制,而外来宗教却得到大规模地发展,但与清末时期比较而言,广西各民族民众与外来的天主教、基督教的矛盾相对没有那么尖锐,在战乱之时,本土士绅和民众还得到教会势力的庇护。此外,传统的民间信仰还与民族问题交织在一起,成为各民族民众发动反抗斗争的有力武器,参与着社会变革的历史进程,也反映了宗教问题的复杂性。

There were 3 religion matters in Guangxi in the period of Republic of China all the time, among these, the conflict between government＇s exploding religion and superstition and folk votary were most furious, and the sustaining time was longer, so the social and historic affect was even more farreaching because of it. At the same time, as a result of government＇s different attitudes to indigenous and foreign religions, indigenous religions were badly restrained and foreign religions developed on a large scale. Comparing to the period of Later Qing Dynasty, the conflict between people of various ethnics in Guangxi and foreign Catholicism and Christianism was not so furious. In the period of chaos caused by war, some indigenous esquire and people even gained shelters from the church. Moreover, traditional folk religions mixing with ethnic matters, became virtuous weapon of people of various ethnics launching revolting warfare, and participated in the historic course of social change, reflected the complexity of religion matters as well.