296例胎膜早破的临床分析

Clinical analysis of 296 cases with premature rupture of membrane

以２９６例胎膜早破（ＰＲＯＭ）作为研究对象，并以３５０例无ＰＲＯＭ作对照，探讨ＰＲＯＭ对母婴的影响。结果显示：ＰＲＯＭ组难产率为５６．０８％，产褥病率４．０５％，早产率为５．４０％，胎儿窘迫率为１３．００％，新生儿窒息率为４．３３％，新生儿肺炎发生率为３．６６％，均明显高于对照组，统计学处理后有显著或极显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。而且，ＰＲＯＭ隐惹期小于２４小时的产褥病率为２．２９％；大于２４小时的产褥病率则为８．９７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。本文提示，应积极预防胎膜早破，一旦出现胎膜早破，宜在６小时内使用抗生素预防感染，并加强母儿监测。

In this article 296 cases with premature rupture of membrane (PROM) were studied. The results were in PROM group, difficult labour rate was 56.08%; puerperal morbidity rate 4.05%; peterm labour rate 5.40%; fetal ditress rate 13.00%; asphyxia neonatorum rate 4.33%; and neonatal pneumonia 3.66%. All were obviuosly higher than those as control group. The differences in those kinds mintioned above between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05 or P<001). Besides when incubation period of PROM was less than 24 hours, puerperal morbidity rate was 2.29%; while the period was more than 24 hours, it was 8.97% (P<005). Once PROM occurs, antibiotics should be used within 6 hours following PROM to prevent infections. Mothers and foetuses should be taren more intensive carefor. 