试论清朝政府对澳门的贸易管治——以查禁澳门鸦片走私贸易为中心

The Government's Management of Trade in Macao in Qing Dynasty——Taking Opium Smuggle Trades in Macao as A Sample

从乾隆末年至道光中期,在查禁以澳门为基地的鸦片走私贸易方面,清朝政府采取了坚决的措施,并不断加强禁烟力度,这是1849年以前中国政府在贸易方面拥有对澳门管治权的一个重要证明。根据档案资料可以看出,澳门同知、澳关委员、香山知县及县丞等地方官员在严格执行朝廷禁烟旨令、严厉查禁鸦片走私贸易、全力维持对澳海关管理权方面,是采取了坚定的立场并为之付出过巨大努力的。

The Qing Government＇ s drastic measures against smuggled opium trades in Macao from the late years of Emperor QIAN - long＇ s reign to the middle years of Emperor DAO Guang＇ s reign are important evidences of Chinese government＇ s management of trades in Macao before the year of 1849. Studies of historical documents indicate that government officials such as Macao county magistrate, Macao customs committee members, Xiangshan county magistrate and his assistant take firm stand and make great efforts in rigorously suppressing opium smuggling and maintaining Chinese government＇ s authority of customs management in Macao.