论学术职业的权力、权威与声望

Power,Authority and Prestige of Academic Profession

学术职业的权力、权威与声望的来源是高深知识。学术职业的权力是学术人在控制和垄断高深知识过程中形成的,是学术人在学术活动中的一种特权。这种权力不是外界力量的授权,而是高深知识内在的规定;这种权力所形成的影响决定了对于学术系统的管理与控制方式。学术职业的权威是一种特殊的权力表现形式,是高深知识价值在学术人身上的体现,是学术人对于高深知识的虔诚而赋予给特定人群的一种权力,表现为学术人对特定人群的自愿服从。学术职业的声望是学术界同行对于具有高深知识价值者的外在评价。学术职业权力、权威和声望具有内在的关联性,学术职业权力越大,越容易获得权威和形成声望;反过来,学术职业的声望越高,也越容易形成权威并获得权力。

Advanced knowledge is the origin of power, authority and prestige of academic pro.fession. The power of academic profession is a kind of privilege formed during the process in which the academicians control and monopolise advanced knowledge. This power is not the authorisation of external force but internal regulation of advanced knowledge, and the power determines the way of controlling and managing the academic system. The authority of academic profession is a special manifestation embodied through the value of advanced knowledge of the academicians. It is a power that the academicians endow it with public piety to advanced knowledge, and the academicians willingly submit to that power. The prestige of academic profession is the external evaluation in the academe given to the deserved people who hold advanced knowledge. The power, authority and prestige bear intrinsic interrelations： the greater the power of academic profession, the easier authority and prestige can be obtained; in return, the higher the prestige of academic profession, the easier authority and power can be attained.