葡萄种类和品种鉴定技术研究进展

Progress on Identification Technique of Grape Species and Cultivars

葡萄种类和品种的鉴定是葡萄种质资源研究和新品种保护的基础。本文介绍了鉴定工作中常用的形态学、孢粉学、细胞学、生物化学和分子标记等方法,并对这些方法在葡萄研究中的应用及存在的问题进行了总结。其中形态学鉴定是最基础、最普遍的方法。分子标记技术为葡萄种质资源鉴定工作提供了更为快捷和精确的依据,但目前在葡萄上的应用还较少。此外,本文还对果树品种鉴定方法的发展趋势进行了展望。

It is a fundamental work to identify grape species and cultivars for exploration and collecting of germplasm resources as well as plant variety protection. The principle and technology of current testing methods for vaviety identification including morphology, cytology, isoenzyme and molecular marker. Morphology is the most widely used method and the molecular marker which is based on the differences of DNA is the most accurate and ef- fective method to identify grape species and cultivars. But molecular marker techniques such as RAPD, AFLP and SSR are used less on grapes in comparison with other crops. It also summarize the problems of the main identify techniques and prospect the research directions in future.