急性酒精中毒合并颅脑外伤116例急诊分析

Study on head injury coexisting acute alcoholism

目的：探讨急性酒精中毒合并颅脑损伤的临床特点和急诊诊疗措施。方法：回顾性分析116例急性酒精中毒合并颅脑损伤的临床资料。结果：轻度酒精中毒合并轻度脑损伤的患者，78例治疗后0．5～2h左右酒醒，恢复良好。重度酒精中毒或／和重度脑损伤38例中18例在治疗2—4h内清醒，恢复良好；另20例出院时均留有不同程度的残疾，无死亡病例。结论：避免急性酒精中毒合并颅脑损伤误诊的关键在于重视现场急救、提高诊断认识、严密观察病情变化以及动态头颅CT检查以明确脑损伤类型，并采取相应的治疗措施。

Objective： To investigate the clinical features and emergency management of head injury coexisting acute alcoholism. Methods： Clinical data of 116 patients with head injury coexisting acute alcoholism were studied retrospectively. Results： Seventy-eight patients with mild alcoholism combined with mild brain injury recovered conscience well after treatment in 0.5- 2 h. 18 cases out of the 38 patients with severe alcoholism and / or severe head injury recovered conscience well after treatment in 2-4 h, 20 cases of them discharged with different degree of disability, no death. Conclusion ： The key to avoid misdiagnosis of head injury coexisting acute alcoholism are the first aid, awareness of diagnosis, closely observation of the changes of patient＇s condition, necessary head CT scan, the identification of types of brain injury, and appropriate managements.