大鼠外伤后癫痫动物模型研制方法的探讨

Investigating the development of experimental rat posttraumatic epilepsy

目的:探讨大鼠外伤后癫痫(PTE)动物模型模型的制作方法和稳定性。方法:将50只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为2组,液压损伤组40只,手术对照组10只。液压损伤组的大鼠在清醒状态下给予液压打击造成其重度颅脑外伤,于致伤后6个月内观察大鼠的行为、脑电图改变,并进行组织病理学分析。结果:液压损伤组在致伤后约有42.86%的大鼠出现典型的癫痫发作症状和脑电图上痫样放电。病理检查见伤侧脑皮质有局部挫伤,蛛网膜下腔及脑实质有出血灶和胶质结节形成等改变。液压损伤组其发作形式、脑电图特征和病理学改变与人类的PTE特征基本一致。结论:颅脑液压冲击伤可建立起清醒状态下大鼠的PTE动物模型,操作简单、稳定性及可靠性较好,有望为PTE的深入研究提供一种更为有效的实验动物模型。

Objective： To explore the method to induce a stable animal model ofposttraumatic epilepsy （PTE） with fluid percussion injury （FPI） in sober rats, Methods： Fifty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into two group （40 FPI, 10 sham）, To produce severe traumatic brain injury （TBI） in the sober rats, we make the fluid percussion device rapidly injecting fluid volumes into the cranial cavity. Behavior, EEG and pathological changes were observed in the six months following FPI. Results： Typical seizure activity and EEG epileptiform discharges were observed after FPI. The achievement ratio of PTE model was about 42.86 %. The pathological changes showed that the contusion, hemorrhagic focus and gliosis occurred in the injured brain areas. The PTE model has the similar behavior, electroencephalogram, and pathology characteristics with those of human PTE. Conclusion： These results demonstrate that FPI can induce sober rats producing a PTE syndrome, and the model has some features with good stability, reliability and simple manipulation. The PTE model can be served as an effective tool for human PTE studies in the near future.