福安水牛的分子遗传多样性研究

Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Fuan Buffalo by Microsatellite Markers

福安水牛是福建省地方优良品种之一，为了进一步阐明其群体遗传结构和遗传多样性，采用8对微卫星引物对福建福安、闽清、古田及南靖等4个福安水牛群体，共计130头样本进行检测分析。结果表明：福安水牛4个群体8个微卫星座位共有78个等位基因，其中4个群体共享的等位基因为50个，非共享等位基因28个。各等位基因频率介于0．0152—0．5278之间；共检测到基因型6～29种；4个群体的平均多态信息含量、杂合度、有效等位基因数分别为0．8172±0．0230、0．8204±0．0294和5．85±0．84；根据奈氏标准遗传距离进行UPGMA聚类分析，结果表明：遗传距离最远的是闽清群体与南靖群体（0．3518），遗传距离最近的是福安群体与闽清群体（0．1832）。

Fuan buffalo is an indigenous buffalo breed in Fujian province. 130 Fuan buffaloes from four populations（Fuan, Mingqing, Gutian, Nanjing）were selected with eight microsatellite sites in order to analyze population genetic structure and indicate the degree of genetic diversity. The results showed as follow： There were 78 alleles of 8 microsatellite sites in 4 Fuan buffalo populations, in which the coexisted allele were 50 and the not coexisted allele were 28. Allele frequency was from 0.012 5 to 0.527 8. Genotype was from 6 to 29. The average polymorphism information content （PIC）, average heterozygosity and mean effective number of alleles in 4 Fuan buffalo populations were 0.817 2 ± 0.023 0, 0.820 4± 0.029 4,5.85 ± 0.84, respectively. UPGMA dendrogram based on the Neis standard genetic indicated the genetic distances between Mingqing population and Nanjing population was the furthest （0. 351 8）, the genetic distances between Mingqing population and Fuan population was the nearest （0. 183 2）.