论孟子和荀子人性思想的融通

On the Integration of Mencius and Xun-zi Thoughts

人性问题是贯穿孟子和荀子思想的根本问题,也是贯穿中国儒学发展的根本问题,厘清孟、荀二人在人性问题上的差异与融通,对于整体把握孟子和荀子思想具有关键意义。孟、荀二人在人性善恶问题上的对立,从思想和逻辑的层面来看,又有其融通之处:从"人性"含义看,二者相互发明;从思想体系看,二者同归礼义;从人的本质看,二者皆尊"人心";从价值追求看,二者殊途同归;从实践能力看,二者皆言能善。孟、荀人性论的实质都是"人能为善"、"人能弘道"。

Human nature is basic in Mencius and Xun -zi thoughts and also basic in the Chinese Confucianism. Making clear their differences and integration of human nature is significant in grasping their thoughts. They have opposite views in the aspects of good and evil, but they have something of integration in the logic and thoughts. In the signification of haman nature, they have mutual invention ; in the system of thoughts, they return to rites and appropriateness; in the human essence, they value＂human heart＂; in the value pursuit, they return to the same road from different paths; in the practice, they say people are able to do good deeds. Their essences of human nature are that＂ people are able to do good deeds＂ and＂people are able to develop and promote the Way＂.