再论信息的本质

On the Essence of Information(Again)

信息作为物质与能量的存在和运动的形式及其表征,既是客观环境中事物的物质与能量的存在和运动所表现出来的形式及其在自组织系统中的反映,又是自组织系统产生的用以规定环境中对象事物的物质与能量的存在和运动的形式的东西。自组织系统的处理信息的控制程序把上述客体的被动的信息(输入)和主体的施动的信息(输出)连接起来。控制程序作为有组织的整体化的主体信息,通过归纳整理在处理个别的零散的信息的过程中积累的经验而形成,并变动和发展。根据处理环境信息得出的控制信息能否实现预期的行为目的,自组织系统认识环境,并在此基础上进行着自组织的生存活动。

As the form of existence and movement of the matter and energy, the information is not only form manifested in the existence and movement of matter and energy in objective environment as well as the reflection of this form in self- organizing systems, but also something produced by self- organizing systems to prescribe the form of existence and movement of objective things in environment. Self - organizing system＇s commanding programs processing information link above - mentioned objective passive information （input） and subjective active information （output）. As subjective information being an organized entirety, commanding programs form, change and develop by inducing the experience accumulated through processing the individual and scattered information. Basing on whether the commanding information obtained from processing the environmental information can realize the anticipated behavioral aims, the self- organizing systems understand environment and conduct self- organizing living actions.