儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的病因学研究进展

Progress in research on etiology of ADHD of children

注意缺陷多动障碍是儿童期最常见的精神行为障碍之一,近年来日益受到重视。注意缺陷多动障碍的病因及发病机制尚不清楚,目前认为其致病因素不是单一的,而是多源性的,是生物-心理-社会多因素作用的结果。该文就近年来国内外学者从注意缺陷多动障碍的分子遗传学、神经生理学、神经生化学、神经系统解剖学、神经心理学等诸方面的研究动态,对其病因及发病机制进行综述,为今后注意缺陷多动障碍的治疗和干预提供科学依据。

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） is the most common cognitive and behavioral disorder in childhood. It is concerned more and more in recent years. Although the etiology of ADHD is not deariy identified yet, at present evidences support that the disease is a result of bio-psycho-social multiple factors. In this review, we summarized the research achievements in domestic and abroad in recent years on the etiology of ADHD from some aspects such as molecular genetics, neurophysiology, neurobiochemics, neuroanatomy, neuropsychology and so on, so as to provide scientific basis for treatment and intervention of ADHD.