宫颈病变的筛查方法研究进展

Progress in study on non-traumatic screening methods of cervical lesions

宫颈上皮内瘤变是与宫颈浸润癌密切相关的癌前病变,其反映了宫颈癌发生发展的病理过程。宫颈上皮内瘤变及早期宫颈癌大多无明显临床症状,近年来宫颈上皮内瘤变发病率逐年增加,且宫颈癌患者趋于年轻化,因此,探索宫颈病变无创伤筛查方法尤为重要。目前宫颈疾病的无创筛查方法主要有细胞学、阴道镜、人乳头瘤病毒检查、醋酸试验、宫颈照相术等。尽管筛查手段较多,然而,在许多地区仍然对筛查手段的认识不够,如:将宫颈薄层细胞学检查结果作为最终临床诊断进行处理,过分夸大人乳头瘤病毒感染并频繁进行人乳头瘤病毒感染检测及滥用药物治疗等等。该文就宫颈病变的筛查方法作以综述。

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia （CIN） is precancerous lesion which is closely correlated with invasive cervical carcinoma, The patients with CIN or early cervical carcinoma have not obvious clinical symptoms. In recent years, the incidence of CIN is increasing year by year and the age of patients with cervical carcinoma become younger and younger. So it is especially important to explore non-traumatic screening methods of cervical lesions. At present, there have been many non-traumatic screening methods of cervical lesions： mainly including cytology, colposcopy, HPV detection, acetic acid test, cervix photography and so on. However, although there are many screening methods, in many areas, many gynecologists don＇ t know them well, for instance： TCT result is regarded as the final clinical diagnosls,the nature of HPV infection is excessively grandiositied , HIV is detected frequently and abuse use of drugs in the treatment. This article reviewed non-tranmatie screening methods of cervical lesions.