歌德《铁手骑士葛兹》所反映的阶层博弈与群体互动

Class Game and Group Interaction as Reflected in Gothe's Gtz von Berlichingen mit der eisernen Hand

本文以歌德早期名作《铁手骑士葛兹》为研究文本,在指出其题材选择的德意志性、在艺术形式上打破亚里士多德三一律的开创性等特点的同时,将16世纪德国的各阶层放置在一种宏观背景下进行考察,突出阶层博弈与群体互动的关系,以作为骑士阶层代表的葛兹为中心,分析他的言语作为的矛盾性特征,揭示骑士阶层乃是一种特殊历史时代的产物,它在宗教改革过程中随时代发展将逐渐被淘汰的必然性(没落的必然)。并进而提出,这样一种题材选择具有作者写作的当下问题意识,并在歌德思想的早期形成中具有确立坐标的重要意义。

Based on Gothe＇s early reputed work Gotz won Berlichingen mit der eisernen Hand as the text of research, this treatise, while pointing out Germanic nature in terms of selecting subject matter and the originality in terms of breaking down Aristotle＇s Three to One principle in art form, attempts to examine various classes of 16^th century Germany. Against a macroscopic background, by highlighting the relation between class game and group interaction, this paper centers round Gotz as the representative of knighthood, analyzing his language as characteristic of contradiction to expose knighthood as a product of the special historical period, which is to be inevitably discharged with the gradual development of times in the process of religious reform. It further proposes such selection of subject matter shows the author＇s awareness of the contemporary issue in addition to the great coordinate building importance peculiar to forming Goethe＇s early ideology.