基于主成分分析的全国建设用地集约度评价

Appraisal of construction land intensive use based on principle component analysis in China

建设用地的集约利用是一个基于时空尺度的动态概念。首先了解了1996—2005年期间全国建设用地变化的大背景,然后以全国各省、市、自治区2005年建设用地数据、各种社会经济数据为基础,在总结前人研究的基础上,构建了全国建设用地集约利用评价体系,采用主成分分析的方法,确定了各省、市、自治区建设用地的集约分值,根据标准确定了各自的集约度水平,结合ArcGis将评价结果空间化,进一步分析了集约度的空间差异。针对不同的集约度区域提出了针对性的意见,为区域建设用地集约利用提供指导,促进经济发展。研究结果表明,(1)全国建设用地数量在持续上升,增长率呈现波浪状;(2)建设用地的集约度在空间上存在差异,东部沿海地区的集约度水平要高于中部和西部地区;(3)环境的可持续发展指标是考核建设用地集约利用的重要因素;(4)利用主成分分析的方法在结果评价时比较客观、全面,同时可以很方便地确定权重系数。

Construction land intensive use is a dynamic concept based on time and space. In this paper, the context of construction land change in China from 1996 to 2005 is comprehended, then collecting the datum of construction land areas and different social economic indicators and summarizing the previous experience, designs the appraisal indicators system of construction land intensive use, then uses the method of principle component analysis computing intensive use scores, determines intensive use extent according to standard and intensive use scores, then associates with ArcGis making the intensive use extent spatial and analyses the spatial difference about the intensive use result. Lastly, the aiming suggestions are given according to different intensive use areas, which is helpful for directing construction land intensive use and promote the economic development. The results demonstrate that the area of construction land in china continue increasing and the increasing ratio takes on waving, and there is spatial difference in the construction land intensive use, that is, the intensive degree in the area of east coast is higher than that in middle and west areas, and environmental successive indicators are important and necessary for appraising of construction land intensive use, lastly, it is object and all-sided using principle component analysis in the process of appraising, in the same time, that is convenient for determining the weight coefficient.