成人打鼾与口咽腔狭窄评分的相关性

Relationship between adult snoring and oropharyngeal stenosis scoring

目的 了解广州地区成人人群打鼾情况．探讨成人口咽腔形态与打鼾的关系。方法从体检人群中选取20．87岁354例对打鼾情况进行调查，排除其他部位阻塞可能导致打鼾和／或进行过扁桃体手术的25例，余329例和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者42例进行口咽腔形态观察评价。根据可以引起口咽腔狭窄的结构（包括扁桃体、悬雍垂、咽侧索、软腭）及舌根形态的情况，将口咽腔分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型进行比较。结果354例中经常打鼾的有39．8％，其中男、女出现人数比例相近．口咽腔分型情况相似，口咽腔越狭窄的人（口咽腔形态为Ⅲ、Ⅳ型）越易导致打鼾；〈60岁的人群中打鼾人数随年龄增大而有增多；OSAHS患者不随咽腔的狭窄程度增加而加重病情。结论成人人群中经常打鼾的比例较高，口咽腔狭窄是OSAHS的病因之一，利用口咽腔形态分型方法可以进行普查，筛选出经常打鼾和有OSAHS倾向的人群，但不能作为确诊OSAHS的依据，必须结合多导睡眠监测进行检查分析。

Objective To explore the snoring status of adult people in the Guangzhou area and to explore the relationship between the shape of the oropharynx and snoring. Methods 354 persons aged from 20 to 87 years were investigated. 329 persons without other obstructions and tonsil operations and 42 people with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） were observed. The oropharynx was classified into type Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ based on the structure -induced stenosis： the tonsil, uvula, lateral pharyngeal band, soft palate and root of the tongue. Results 39.8 % of persons were habitual snorers; male and female snorers had similar pharyngeal types and had approximately the same proportion. With an increase of age, patients younger than 60 years showed an increase of snoring, the worse the oropharyngeal stenosis （type Ⅲ,Ⅳ ）was, the more the possibility of snoring. No close relationship was found between OSAHS status and pharyngeal stenosis. Conclusion Oropharyngeal stenosis is one of the factors for OSAHS. Oropharyngeal typing can benefit the screening of habitual snorers and OSAHS-oriented people but can not define OSAHS, and it should be combined with polysomnography （PSG） to examine OSAHS.