上海市青少年控烟态度状况及相关因素分析

Status and influencing factors of attitudes toward tobacco control among adolescents in Shanghai

目的了解上海市青少年控烟态度状况及相关因素。方法采用分层随机抽样方法在上海市19个区县抽取辖区内初中、高中、中等职业学校各1所,每所学校随机抽取164名学生进行控烟态度问卷调查,共调查9347人。结果收回有效问卷9239份,有效率为98.8%。学生吸烟率为19.5%,现在吸烟率为2.5%,尝试吸烟率为17.0%。学生普遍不支持"年轻女性吸烟"(88.2%)和"父母可以吸烟"(80.6%);对"教育学生停止吸烟是教师的责任"(83.0%)和"教师做不吸烟的榜样"(82.5%)普遍认同;支持"在香烟盒上印警语"(80.4%)、"公共场所禁烟"(81.0%)和"禁止向未成年人出售烟草制品"(84.0%)的比例较高。职校学生控烟正确态度持有率低于初中和高中学生,女生正确态度持有率高于男生;吸烟学生正确态度持有率明显低于尝试吸烟和不吸烟的学生。结论上海市青少年对于吸烟行为的态度仍存在不少误区,应开展有针对性的、多元化的健康教育工作,健康教育的重点人群是男生、职校学生和吸烟学生。

Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of attitudes toward tobacco control among adolescents in Shanghai. Methods 9347 students, selected from 57 junior high schools, senior high schools and vocational schools by stratified random sampling, answered the questionnaire about attitudes on tobacco control. Results The smoking prevalence of students was 19. 5% , while the current smoking rate was 2. 5% and attempting smoking rate was 17.0%. Students generally did not support the ＂young female smoker＂ （88.2%） and ＂smoking parents＂ （80. 6% ） . Most students agreed that ＂conducting health education of smoking was teachers＇ responsibility＂ （83.0%） and that ＂teacher should set a good example on no-smoking＂ （82. 5 % ）. And majority supported ＂warning labels on tobacco products＂ （ 80.4% ）, ＂smoking ban in public places＂ （ 81.0% ） and ＂prohibition of tobacco products sale to minors＂ （84. 0% ） . The positive attitude rate was lower among male students, vocational school students. Attempting smoking and non-smoking students were more likely to hold correct attitudes than smoking students. Conclusion Misunderstanding towards smoking still existed among adolescents in Shanghai. Specific and various measures for health education should be adopted, and male students, vocational school students and smoking students would be the key population.