焦虑个体“冷”、“热”执行功能Stroop效应量比较

A Comparative Study on Anxious Individuals' Stroop Interference Scores of 'Cool' and 'Hot' Executive Functions

该文采用Stroop实验范式对筛选出的49名高焦虑个体和48名低焦虑个体的"冷"、"热"执行功能进行测量,以探讨不同焦虑程度个体"冷"、"热"执行功能间的差异。结果表明,在"冷"执行功能方面,高焦虑个体与低焦虑个体Stroop效应量之间没有显著差异;在"热"执行功能方面,两组被试情绪Stroop的效应量无差异;两类词汇的Stroop效应量差异显著,词汇类型×被试类型的交互作用非常显著;进一步的简单效应分析表明,两组被试的情绪Stroop效应量在消极词汇水平差异显著,两类词汇Stroop效应量在低焦虑组差异显著。说明高、低焦虑个体在"冷"执行功能上没有显著差异,高焦虑个体的"冷"执行功能正常,而"热"执行功能下降,表现为高焦虑个体对两极情绪的趋避关系失调,即对消极情绪具有偏向性,对积极情绪具有回避性。

To explore interferences of ‘cool＇ executive functions （ ‘cool＇ EF） and ‘hot＇ executive functions （ ‘hot＇ EF） between individuals with different anxious levels, the Stroop paradigm and one of its modifications, the emotional Stroop, were employed among screened subjects. As results, in the case of ‘ cool＇ EF, there is no significant difference of the Stroop interference scores between subjects with different anxious levels. In the case of ‘ hot＇ EF, the main effect of the emotional Stroop interference scores between words （positive and negative words） was significant; the interactive effect of emotional Stroop interference scores of words × subjects was very significant. The simple effect tests show that the emotional Stroop interference scores between subjects was significant in the negative words level, that the emotional Stroop interference scores between positive and negative words was significant in the subjects with low anxiety level. In conclusion, first, the ‘ cool＇ EF between individuals with different anxious levels was no differentce, namely, the ‘ cool＇ EF of the individuals with high anxiety functions normally, second, the ‘ hot＇ EF of the individuals with high anxiety is defaulted. third, the ‘ hot＇ EF of the individuals with high anxiety shows dysfunctional behavior pattern of emotional response, leading to automatic approach to negative emotions and avoidance of positive emotions.