常见进口花卉在真空熏蒸条件下对溴甲烷的药害反应

Tolerance of some imported flowers against methyl bromide after vacuum fumigation

本试验选择12种常见的进口花卉包括火鹤、凤梨、竹芋、菜豆树等进行了真空条件下对溴甲烷的耐药性试验。试验结果表明,在高真空度、高剂量时所有花卉均表现出一定的药害症状,但随着真空度和熏蒸药剂剂量的下降,药害症状都得到很大的缓解。相对来说,黄星凤梨、紫星凤梨、温迪凤梨、丹尼斯凤梨、火鹤等对溴甲烷具有良好的耐药性,紫背天鹅绒竹芋、青背天鹅绒竹芋、美丽竹芋等则表现出轻度的药害症状,而对菜豆树、紫背竹芋、青背竹芋、红剑凤梨等的品质和生长有较大的影响,表现为较强的药害,在真空度和剂量较高时甚至造成死亡。

12 imported flowers including anthurium, bromelia, maranta and Radermachera sinica were selected to test their tolerance against methyl bromide after vacuum fumigation. The results showed all tested flowers were chemical damaged at different degree by methyl bromide after vaccum fumigation with high vacuum and high dosage. Chemical damage symptoms became lightened when vacuum condition and dosage of methyl bromide declined. Guzmania Puna Gold, Guzmania Rana, Guzmania Empire, Guzmania Denise and anthrium were able to endure the strong damage of methyl bromide after vacuum fumigation. Calathea warscewicziin, Calathea zebrina and Calathea roseopicta showed slight chemical damage by methyl bromide. The quality and growth of R, sinica, Calathea rufibarba, Calathea rufibarba＇ Tropistar＇ , Vriesea Splenreit were strongly influenced by methyl bromide after vacuum fumigation, and even made tested flowers to death.