摘要
西汉时期是中国历史上西北开发的关键时期,尤其是汉武帝一朝,西北开发功勋卓著。在西汉时期大规模开发西北的决策过程中,政治、经济、军事等方面的因素发挥了重要的影响作用,但是自然灾害对西北开发的影响作用也不容忽视。西汉时期严峻的灾害形势对关中和山东农区造成了重大破坏作用,国家粮食安全岌岌可危。出于化解灾害风险的现实需要,西汉王朝不得不以战争的手段解决北部匈奴问题,依靠农业生产扩大西北地区耕地面积,移民实边。经过两百年的刻苦经营,西汉时期终于奠定了西北农业生产的基本格局,关中、河套、河西、河湟主要农业生产区全面形成,中国传统农业阶段第一个人口高峰出现并维持了一千多年之久。
Xi -han Dynasty is an key point during the Northwest development history in China, especially during emperor Wu, the Northwest region developed rapidly and made lots of achievements. In the decisions about the Northwest development, the politics, economics, military and so on had played important roles, but natural disaster was also a factor that could not be neglected. Sever natural disaster ruined the Guan - zhong and Shandong agricultural area, and there was a crisis state had to fire to the Xiongnu people, and e on food security. In the practical need of resolve disaster crisis, the nlarge the arable land and peasants. By carefully managements, the basis agriculture situation had founded, the main agricultural area such as Guan -zhong, He -tao, He -xi and He - huang had fully formed, the first peak of population had appeared and lasted for one thousand years.
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第10期83-86,共4页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"西北地区环境变迁与农业结构的变化与调整研究"(02JAZJD790020)
国家社科基金项目"历史时期西北地区自然灾害与区域社会经济发展研究"(06XZS012)
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目"农业灾害历史资源数据库建设与利用研究"(NCET-07-0697)资助
关键词
西汉
西北开发
灾害风险
粮食安全
Xi -han
the Northwest development
disaster crisis
food security