黄土高原沟壑区城镇体系空间结构的协调发展

Harmonious development of city-town system on loess plateau gully areas

目的探讨促进黄土高原沟壑区城镇体系协调发展的途径。方法运用协调单元方法,探讨了破碎地貌条件下城镇体系空间结构特征和演化趋势,提出了以"黄土塬"作为城镇体系协调单元的构想,并以陕北洛川塬为例,运用景观生态学原理,分析城镇体系适宜发展空间。结果建构了以"黄土塬"为单元的"大分散、大聚集"城镇体系协调发展模式。以"黄土塬"作为城镇体系协调发展的基本单元是一种因地制宜的途径;在一个协调单元中,塬面平坦开阔,适宜城镇体系的发展,相反,沟壑小流域地形破碎,水土流失严重,宜作为生态脆弱区加强水土保持生态综合治理;"大分散、大聚集"模式较"大分散、小聚集"和"大集中、大聚集"模式而言,更有利于城镇体系的协调发展。结论协调好城镇体系空间结构与地形地貌的关系,是实现黄土高原沟壑区城镇体系可持续发展和小流域水土保持生态治理的关键。

Aim To investigate how to promote the harmonious development of the city-town system in the gully regions of the loess plateau. Methods Use the method of unit-coordination to study the spatial and structural characteristics and development trends of the city-town system in the condition of the broken terrain and propose the idea of taking ＂the loess tablelands＂ as the coordinating units of the city-town system. Luochuan Tableland in northern Shaanxi Province is taken as an example and by applying the principle of landscape ecology analyze the suitable environmental space of the system. Results Set up the balanced developmental pattern of＂ big scattering ＆ big gathering＂ with＂loess tablelands＇as units. To take＂loess tablelands＂ as basic units of the system development is an approach which suits local conditions. On a coordination unit the tableland surface is level and broad, suitable for the development of the city-town system. Otherwise, the terrain of gully regions is broken with serous soil erosion, suitable for comprehensive treatment of water and soil conservation for ecologically fragile regions. Compared with＂ big scattering ＆ small gathering＂ and＂ big concentration ＆ big gathering＂ patterns, the＂ big scattering ＆ big gathering＂ pattern is more beneficial for the harmonious development of the city-town system. Conclusion Coordination of the relationship between the spatial structure and terrain in the city-town system is the key to a sustainable development of the city-town system in the gully areas of the Loess plateau and to the ecological treatment of water and soil con- servation in small river valleys.