不同品质类型小麦籽粒蛋白质积累规律

The Accumulation Law of Grain Protein in Genotypes with Different Quality in Wheat

以不同品质类型春小麦10个品种为材料,研究小麦籽粒形成过程中蛋白质积累规律。结果表明,春小麦灌浆期籽粒蛋白质含量呈高-低-高的"V"型变化规律。不同品质类型的小麦蛋白质积累存在差异,高蛋白低产类型的蛋白质含量在整个灌浆期间均保持最高,灌浆前期蛋白质含量下降缓慢,曲线波动小;低蛋白高产类型则相反;高蛋白高产类型虽前期蛋白质含量下降快,但后期回升速度也快,最终有较高的蛋白质含量。籽粒蛋白质含量由蛋白质在整个籽粒形成过程中渐进积累所决定,籽粒成熟期与形成各时期的蛋白质含量呈极显著正相关。籽粒蛋白质绝对累积量与粒重的消长一致,从开花期至成熟期表现为不断增加的趋势。籽粒蛋白质累积量与蛋白质含量无显著相关性,与籽粒粒重呈极显著正相关(r=0.827**)。

Ten spring wheat cultivars differing in protein content and yield were used to research the acuumutatlon law of grain protein during grain formation. The results showed, protein percentage content during grain filling of soring wheat showed a high- low -high ＂V＂shape dynamic change. All the genotypes used in the studied have the same V -shape accumulation trend but differ in final protein content and pattern depending on the position of the curve bottom. The protein content in wheat with the type of high grain protein content and tow yield was highest lower curve bottom position in genotype of low protein content and high yield. Although the protein content in wheat with the type of high yield and high protein content dropped shapely in the early part of grain filling duration, but it went up quickly in the later period of grain filling duration, and the curve bottom position is much higher, which resulted in high grain protein content. The correlation between the grain protein content at different stages during the period of grain formation and the final protein content in grain was positive significantly. The correlation between the grain absolute protein accumulation content and grain dry matter accumulation was positive significantly （ r =0.827^＊＊ ）.